O CRÉDITO RURAL E OS CAPITAIS FICTÍCIOS NA MICRORREGIÃO GEOGRÁFICA SUDOESTE DE GOIÁS: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO QUE IMPULSIONA A TERRITORIALIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO DE COMMODITIES AGRÍCOLAS

Abstract

The work aims to present how the approximation of the traditional credit system with the financial market occurred. To this end, we analyze how fictitious capital was fundamental in this process and verified how the financial instruments created since 2004 in Brazil contributed to the process of territorialization of interests linked to agribusiness, with a greater focus on soybeans produced in the Southwest Geographic Microregion of Goiás (MRSG). We used data on rural funding granted to the 18 municipalities of the micro-region in focus. Thus, in addition to the information provided by the Central Bank of Brazil (BCB) through the National Rural Credit System (SNCR), we also use data from the Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) and the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3). From the data accessed, we show how the Rural Product Notes (CPR), the Agribusiness Letters of Credit (LCA), the Agribusiness Receivables Certificates (CRA) and the Agribusiness Investment Funds (FIAGRO) modify access to agricultural credit. As a result, the work shows that these fictitious capitals were the form used by capitalists, and promoted by the State, to enable a type of agricultural financialization that focuses on the production of agricultural commodities and, in particular, soybeans, its main target in MRSG. It also shows that private agricultural financing has grown substantially in recent years, increasingly following the market logic guided by the capital market.