THE FOUNDATION OF SCHOPENHAUER OF EMPIRICAL AND SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY
Abstract
We propose in this article to investigate Schopenhauer's foundation of the empirical science of psychology. In order to do so, we will approach what he understands by the foundation of all scientific explanation, the principle of sufficient reason, exposed in On the fourfold root… (1813), focusing on its fourth root, the law of motivation, on which psychology is based. Then, we will examine his defence, exposed between §10-15 of The World… (1818), that formal scientific perfection does not rest on the accuracy of its propositions, but on the facilitation of knowledge promoted by the system, which descends from the universal to the particular. Finally, we will investigate his definition of psychology, presented in §15 of The World – Volume II (1844) and complemented in §21 of Parerga and Paralipomena – Volume II (1851), as an empirical and universal science of human phenomena, founded on the law of motivation and aimed at the interpretation of “the singularities and intellectual and moral expressions of the human species, as well as the diversity of individualities”.
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