Journey to Portugal: contributions to the creation of a saramaguian route
Keywords:
saramaguian route;, Journey to Portugal;, alternative routes;, stimulation of depressed areas;
Abstract
This essay reflects on the importance and relevance of creating a tourist route underpined on José Saramago's Journey to Portugal. Covering the entire continental territory of Portugal and passing through hundreds of locations, the development of this route will not only stimulate depressed areas, but also contribute to a greater literacy of tourists. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) recognizes the benefits of tourism routes for the territories where they are located. From this perspective, it is intended that this route will branch out according to the logic followed in this book, allowing tourists to experience, as much as possible, the experience of the narrator-traveller José Saramago in his journey through the country. The creation of a Saramago route emerges, therefore, as a corollary of the critical reflection present in this essay.
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References
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Bernier, X. (2013). Fringe areas and slatial peripheries of tourist routes and cultural itineraries: The dynamic of spatial interaction. Some reflexions on mountain routes. Cahiers de Geographie du Quebec, 57(162), 359–378. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026524AR
Besse, M. G. (2004). Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago: une poétique du regard. In Departamento de Estudos Portugueses e de Estudo Românicos. Secção de Estudos Franceses (Org.). Estudos em Homenagem ao Professor Doutor António Ferreira de Brito (pp. 47–56). Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/9171
Brás, J. M., Costa, C., & Buhalis, D. (2010). Network analysis and wine routes: The case of the Bairrada Wine Route. Service Industries Journal, 30(10), 1621–1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903580706
Busby, G., & Klug, J. (2001). Movie-induced tourism: The challenge of measurement and other issues. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(4).
https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700403
Cabral, S. A. (2009). Que viajar é este? Descoberta e reflexão em Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. Revista Crioula, 6. DLCV-FFLCH - Universidade de São Paulo. doi: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-7169.crioula.2009.54973
Cabral, S. A. (2012). Uma cidade, dois olhares: Lisboa segundo Fernando Pessoa e José Saramago. Cordis: Revista Eletrônica de História Social da Cidade, 9, 169-187, jul/dez. São Paulo. https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/cordis/article/view/14413
Cabrera, J. M., & Segura, F. R. (2019). La geografía de los clásicos : rutas literarias para el fomento lector y promoción del patrimonio. Tejuelo. Didáctica de la lengua y la literatura. Educación, 29, 217–244.
Cardia, G. (2018). Routes and Itineraries as a Means of Contribution for Sustainable Tourism Development. In V. Katsoni & K. Velander (Eds.), Innovative Approaches to Tourism and Leisure: Fourth International Conference IACuDiT (pp. 17–33). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67603-6_2
Chiodo, E., Giordano, L., Tubi, J., & Salvatore, R. (2020). Wine routes and sustainable social organization within local tourist supply: Case studies of two italian regions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229388
Chountala, V., Chountalas, P., Magoutas, A., & Mavragani, E. (2019). The cultural route of Hercules: Mapping the tourist’s perspective. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 9(2), 131–154. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2019.102638
Cruz-Ruiz, E., Zamarreño-Aramendia, G., & de la Cruz, E. R. R. (2020). Key elements for the design of a wine route. The case of la axarquía in Málaga (Spain). Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(21), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219242
Dayoub, B., Yang, P., Dayoub, A., Omran, S., & Li, H. (2020). The role of cultural routes in sustainable tourism development: A case study of Syria’s spiritual route. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 15(6), 865–874. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.150610
Denstadli, J. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2011). The long and winding road: Perceived quality of scenic tourism routes. Tourism Management, 32. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.06.014
Fernandes, D. C. (2014). Literatura e Fotografia em Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. UniLetras, 36(1), 33–34.
Fernandes, D. C. (2016). Do Mar à Terra: «Viagem a Portugal», de José Saramago, e o retorno da literatura de viagens. Universidade de Coimbra.
Ged, F. (2014). Routes culturelles et patrimoines au Guizhou (Chine) : chemins anciens et réseaux. Cahiers de géographie du Québec, 57(162), 461–477. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026529ar
Gonçalves, F., Fernandes, C., Pimenta, E., & Rachão, S. (2012). A new research approach for religious tourism: The case study of the Portuguese route to Santiago. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 4(2), 83. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2012.048996
Gonçalves, M. de M. (2013). José Saramago: da viagem ao viajante. Universidade de Lisboa.
Gracia, F. F. (2020). Un perfil de viajero literario: el caso de las rutas literarias pirenaicas. Alabe Revista de Investigación sobre Lectura y Escritura, 11(21), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.15645/Alabe2020.21.1
Griffin, J. O., & Griffin, W. D. (2007). Spain and Portugal a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. In Facts on File library of world history. Facts on File. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=202557
Hendrix, H. (2007). The early modern invention of literary tourism: Petrarch’s houses in France and Italy. In H. Hendrix (Ed.), Writers’ Houses and the Making of Memory (pp. 15–30). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203939680
Hendrix, H. (2009). From Early Modern to Romantic Literary Tourism: A Diachronical Perspective. Em N. J. Watson (Ed.), Literary Tourism and Nineteenth- Century Culture (pp. 13–24). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230234109_2
Henn, D. (2003). Places and people: José Saramago’s Viagem a Portugal. In Portuguese Studies, 19 (1), 175–186.
Herbert, D. (2001). Literary places, tourism, and the heritage experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 312–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00048-7
Hmidani, Z., & Sguenfle, M. (2018). Tourist routes at Tafilalet oasis and prospects of territorial development. International Journal of Scientific Management and Tourism. 4-3: 139-147.
Ilić, J., Lukić, T., Besermenji, S., & Blešić, I. (2021). Creating a literary route through the city core: Tourism product testing. Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic SASA, 71(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2101091I
Jacinto, R. (2015). (D)Escrever a terra: geografia, literatura, viagem. A Geografia de Portugal segundo José Saramago. GEOgraphia, 17(33), 9. https://doi.org/10.22409/GEOgraphia2015.v17i33.a13696
Jacquet, O., & Laferte, G. (2013). The Wine Route and emergence of wine-related tourism in Burgundy between the two world wars. Cahiers de Geographie du Quebec, 57(162), 425–444. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026527ar
Kanán, R. U. (2021). El sentido del viaje y el paisaje en Saramago. Finisterra, LVI(116), 3 18. ISSN: 0430-5027 doi: 10.18055/Finis19255
Kowalczyk, A. (2003). Wine routes - A new form of tourist stimulation of rural areas. Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 32, 69–98.
Leal, M. (1999). Viagem a Portugal. Os passos do viajante. Colóquio/Letras, 151/152, 191-204.
Li, R., Lu, Z., & Li, J. (2011). The calculation method of landscape perception sensitivity on sightseeing route in ecotourism destinations: A case study of Qixiagu scenic region in Wu’an National Geopark. Dili Xuebao/Acta Geographica Sinica, 66(2), 244–256.
López-Guzmán, T., Cañizares, S. M. S., & García, R. (2009). Wine routes in Spain: A case study. Tourism, 57(4), 421–434.
Lourens, M. (2007). Route tourism: A roadmap for successful destinations and local economic development. Development Southern Africa, 24(3), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/03768350701445574
Mansfield, C. (2015). Researching Literary Tourism. Bideford: Shadows Books & Media.
Matoga, Ł., & Pawłowska, A. (2018). Off-the-beaten-track tourism: a new trend in the tourism development in historical European cities. A case study of the city of Krakow, Poland. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(14), 1644–1669. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1212822
Milheiro, E. (2020). O Turismo Literário como elemento valorizador do Património Cultural de Portalegre. Revista Aprender, (40), 100–116. http://aprender.esep.pt/index.php/aprender/article/view/129
Moreno-Lobato, A., Costa, C., & Hernández-Mogollón, J. M. (2020). Value creation in the cultural routes of the european council through the design of military tourism products. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2020(34), 53–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.34624/rtd.v0i34.22336
Mutana, S., & Mukwada, G. (2020). Can mountain route tourism work for the poor? Exploring worldviews from Maluti Route in the Drakensberg Region of South Africa. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20(1), 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358418791312
Øian, H. (2019). Pilgrim routes as contested spaces in Norway. Tourism Geographies, 21(3), 422-441. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1522511
Pereira, A. (2003). Onomástica Portuguesa: Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago. XVIII Encontro Nacional da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística.
Quinteiro, S., Gonçalves, A. R., & Carreira, V. (2020). Caracterização e Análise do Potencial de Desenvolvimento do Turismo Cultural Literário em Coimbra. Revista Portuguesa de Estudos Regionais, 56, 85–99.
Robinson, M. (2016). Literary Tourism. In J. Jafari & H. Xiao (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer International Publishing.
Rodrigues, S., Santos, E., Oliveira, M., & Santos, M. (2018). The offer of tourist routes to increase the tourist’s stay in hotels. Proceedings of the International Conference on Tourism Research, 121–128.
Rubén Pérez, L., Martínez, L. M., & Galindo, S. L. (2020). El fomento de rutas turístico-literarias en el Caribe: el caso de Aracataca y la “Ruta Macondo”. Turismo y Sociedad, 27, 57–76. https://doi.org/10.18601/01207555.n27.03
Sabino, R., & Simões, J. M. (2020). «Estar mais e andar menos»: A experiência do medievo na Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago. In C. Reis (Ed.), José Saramago: 20 anos com o Prémio Nobel. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.
Sacramento, O. A. (2011). Viajando por terras portuguesas: um estudo de Janelas verdes, de Murilo Mendes, e Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Saramago, J. (2018). Viagem a Portugal (26.ª ed). Porto: Porto Editora.
Telfer, D. J. (2001). Strategic alliances along the Niagara Wine Route. Tourism Management, 22(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00033-9
Tiago, M. C. (2012). Na estrada com José, no mar com Manoel: a construção das representações espaço-temporais em «Viagem a Portugal» de José Saramago e em «Um filme falado» de Manoel de Oliveira. Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie.
Tideswell, C., & Faulkner, B. (2002). Multi-destination tourist travel: Some preliminary findings on international visitors’ exploration of Australia. Tourism, 50(2).
UNWTO. (2017). Handbook on Marketing Transnational Tourism Themes and Routes. In Handbook on Marketing Transnational Tourism Themes and Routes. UNWTO. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419166
UNWTO. (2019). UNWTO Tourism definitions. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420858
Ward-Perkins, D., Beckman, C., & Ellis, J. (2020). Tourism Routes and Trails: Theory and Practice. CABI.
Belias, D., Vasiliadis, L., & Zaftis, E. (2020). The Impact of Cultural Routes on Traditional Settlements: The Case of Greece. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, 123–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36342-0_10
Bernier, X. (2013). Fringe areas and slatial peripheries of tourist routes and cultural itineraries: The dynamic of spatial interaction. Some reflexions on mountain routes. Cahiers de Geographie du Quebec, 57(162), 359–378. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026524AR
Besse, M. G. (2004). Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago: une poétique du regard. In Departamento de Estudos Portugueses e de Estudo Românicos. Secção de Estudos Franceses (Org.). Estudos em Homenagem ao Professor Doutor António Ferreira de Brito (pp. 47–56). Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/9171
Brás, J. M., Costa, C., & Buhalis, D. (2010). Network analysis and wine routes: The case of the Bairrada Wine Route. Service Industries Journal, 30(10), 1621–1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903580706
Busby, G., & Klug, J. (2001). Movie-induced tourism: The challenge of measurement and other issues. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 7(4).
https://doi.org/10.1177/135676670100700403
Cabral, S. A. (2009). Que viajar é este? Descoberta e reflexão em Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. Revista Crioula, 6. DLCV-FFLCH - Universidade de São Paulo. doi: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-7169.crioula.2009.54973
Cabral, S. A. (2012). Uma cidade, dois olhares: Lisboa segundo Fernando Pessoa e José Saramago. Cordis: Revista Eletrônica de História Social da Cidade, 9, 169-187, jul/dez. São Paulo. https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/cordis/article/view/14413
Cabrera, J. M., & Segura, F. R. (2019). La geografía de los clásicos : rutas literarias para el fomento lector y promoción del patrimonio. Tejuelo. Didáctica de la lengua y la literatura. Educación, 29, 217–244.
Cardia, G. (2018). Routes and Itineraries as a Means of Contribution for Sustainable Tourism Development. In V. Katsoni & K. Velander (Eds.), Innovative Approaches to Tourism and Leisure: Fourth International Conference IACuDiT (pp. 17–33). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67603-6_2
Chiodo, E., Giordano, L., Tubi, J., & Salvatore, R. (2020). Wine routes and sustainable social organization within local tourist supply: Case studies of two italian regions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229388
Chountala, V., Chountalas, P., Magoutas, A., & Mavragani, E. (2019). The cultural route of Hercules: Mapping the tourist’s perspective. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 9(2), 131–154. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2019.102638
Cruz-Ruiz, E., Zamarreño-Aramendia, G., & de la Cruz, E. R. R. (2020). Key elements for the design of a wine route. The case of la axarquía in Málaga (Spain). Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(21), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219242
Dayoub, B., Yang, P., Dayoub, A., Omran, S., & Li, H. (2020). The role of cultural routes in sustainable tourism development: A case study of Syria’s spiritual route. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 15(6), 865–874. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.150610
Denstadli, J. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2011). The long and winding road: Perceived quality of scenic tourism routes. Tourism Management, 32. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.06.014
Fernandes, D. C. (2014). Literatura e Fotografia em Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. UniLetras, 36(1), 33–34.
Fernandes, D. C. (2016). Do Mar à Terra: «Viagem a Portugal», de José Saramago, e o retorno da literatura de viagens. Universidade de Coimbra.
Ged, F. (2014). Routes culturelles et patrimoines au Guizhou (Chine) : chemins anciens et réseaux. Cahiers de géographie du Québec, 57(162), 461–477. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026529ar
Gonçalves, F., Fernandes, C., Pimenta, E., & Rachão, S. (2012). A new research approach for religious tourism: The case study of the Portuguese route to Santiago. International Journal of Tourism Policy, 4(2), 83. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTP.2012.048996
Gonçalves, M. de M. (2013). José Saramago: da viagem ao viajante. Universidade de Lisboa.
Gracia, F. F. (2020). Un perfil de viajero literario: el caso de las rutas literarias pirenaicas. Alabe Revista de Investigación sobre Lectura y Escritura, 11(21), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.15645/Alabe2020.21.1
Griffin, J. O., & Griffin, W. D. (2007). Spain and Portugal a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present. In Facts on File library of world history. Facts on File. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=202557
Hendrix, H. (2007). The early modern invention of literary tourism: Petrarch’s houses in France and Italy. In H. Hendrix (Ed.), Writers’ Houses and the Making of Memory (pp. 15–30). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203939680
Hendrix, H. (2009). From Early Modern to Romantic Literary Tourism: A Diachronical Perspective. Em N. J. Watson (Ed.), Literary Tourism and Nineteenth- Century Culture (pp. 13–24). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230234109_2
Henn, D. (2003). Places and people: José Saramago’s Viagem a Portugal. In Portuguese Studies, 19 (1), 175–186.
Herbert, D. (2001). Literary places, tourism, and the heritage experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 312–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00048-7
Hmidani, Z., & Sguenfle, M. (2018). Tourist routes at Tafilalet oasis and prospects of territorial development. International Journal of Scientific Management and Tourism. 4-3: 139-147.
Ilić, J., Lukić, T., Besermenji, S., & Blešić, I. (2021). Creating a literary route through the city core: Tourism product testing. Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic SASA, 71(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2101091I
Jacinto, R. (2015). (D)Escrever a terra: geografia, literatura, viagem. A Geografia de Portugal segundo José Saramago. GEOgraphia, 17(33), 9. https://doi.org/10.22409/GEOgraphia2015.v17i33.a13696
Jacquet, O., & Laferte, G. (2013). The Wine Route and emergence of wine-related tourism in Burgundy between the two world wars. Cahiers de Geographie du Quebec, 57(162), 425–444. https://doi.org/10.7202/1026527ar
Kanán, R. U. (2021). El sentido del viaje y el paisaje en Saramago. Finisterra, LVI(116), 3 18. ISSN: 0430-5027 doi: 10.18055/Finis19255
Kowalczyk, A. (2003). Wine routes - A new form of tourist stimulation of rural areas. Prace i Studia Geograficzne, 32, 69–98.
Leal, M. (1999). Viagem a Portugal. Os passos do viajante. Colóquio/Letras, 151/152, 191-204.
Li, R., Lu, Z., & Li, J. (2011). The calculation method of landscape perception sensitivity on sightseeing route in ecotourism destinations: A case study of Qixiagu scenic region in Wu’an National Geopark. Dili Xuebao/Acta Geographica Sinica, 66(2), 244–256.
López-Guzmán, T., Cañizares, S. M. S., & García, R. (2009). Wine routes in Spain: A case study. Tourism, 57(4), 421–434.
Lourens, M. (2007). Route tourism: A roadmap for successful destinations and local economic development. Development Southern Africa, 24(3), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/03768350701445574
Mansfield, C. (2015). Researching Literary Tourism. Bideford: Shadows Books & Media.
Matoga, Ł., & Pawłowska, A. (2018). Off-the-beaten-track tourism: a new trend in the tourism development in historical European cities. A case study of the city of Krakow, Poland. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(14), 1644–1669. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1212822
Milheiro, E. (2020). O Turismo Literário como elemento valorizador do Património Cultural de Portalegre. Revista Aprender, (40), 100–116. http://aprender.esep.pt/index.php/aprender/article/view/129
Moreno-Lobato, A., Costa, C., & Hernández-Mogollón, J. M. (2020). Value creation in the cultural routes of the european council through the design of military tourism products. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2020(34), 53–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.34624/rtd.v0i34.22336
Mutana, S., & Mukwada, G. (2020). Can mountain route tourism work for the poor? Exploring worldviews from Maluti Route in the Drakensberg Region of South Africa. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20(1), 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358418791312
Øian, H. (2019). Pilgrim routes as contested spaces in Norway. Tourism Geographies, 21(3), 422-441. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1522511
Pereira, A. (2003). Onomástica Portuguesa: Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago. XVIII Encontro Nacional da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística.
Quinteiro, S., Gonçalves, A. R., & Carreira, V. (2020). Caracterização e Análise do Potencial de Desenvolvimento do Turismo Cultural Literário em Coimbra. Revista Portuguesa de Estudos Regionais, 56, 85–99.
Robinson, M. (2016). Literary Tourism. In J. Jafari & H. Xiao (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer International Publishing.
Rodrigues, S., Santos, E., Oliveira, M., & Santos, M. (2018). The offer of tourist routes to increase the tourist’s stay in hotels. Proceedings of the International Conference on Tourism Research, 121–128.
Rubén Pérez, L., Martínez, L. M., & Galindo, S. L. (2020). El fomento de rutas turístico-literarias en el Caribe: el caso de Aracataca y la “Ruta Macondo”. Turismo y Sociedad, 27, 57–76. https://doi.org/10.18601/01207555.n27.03
Sabino, R., & Simões, J. M. (2020). «Estar mais e andar menos»: A experiência do medievo na Viagem a Portugal de José Saramago. In C. Reis (Ed.), José Saramago: 20 anos com o Prémio Nobel. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra.
Sacramento, O. A. (2011). Viajando por terras portuguesas: um estudo de Janelas verdes, de Murilo Mendes, e Viagem a Portugal, de José Saramago. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Saramago, J. (2018). Viagem a Portugal (26.ª ed). Porto: Porto Editora.
Telfer, D. J. (2001). Strategic alliances along the Niagara Wine Route. Tourism Management, 22(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00033-9
Tiago, M. C. (2012). Na estrada com José, no mar com Manoel: a construção das representações espaço-temporais em «Viagem a Portugal» de José Saramago e em «Um filme falado» de Manoel de Oliveira. Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie.
Tideswell, C., & Faulkner, B. (2002). Multi-destination tourist travel: Some preliminary findings on international visitors’ exploration of Australia. Tourism, 50(2).
UNWTO. (2017). Handbook on Marketing Transnational Tourism Themes and Routes. In Handbook on Marketing Transnational Tourism Themes and Routes. UNWTO. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419166
UNWTO. (2019). UNWTO Tourism definitions. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420858
Ward-Perkins, D., Beckman, C., & Ellis, J. (2020). Tourism Routes and Trails: Theory and Practice. CABI.
Published
2022-11-17
How to Cite
Sa, V., & Tojal, M. (2022). Journey to Portugal: contributions to the creation of a saramaguian route. ATELIÊ DO TURISMO, 7(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.55028/at.v7i1.17455
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