ASSESSMENT OF COSTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF EXPERIMENTAL METHODS OF THE AMES TEST: CONVENTIONAL METHOD versus FLOATING ON MICROPLATES
Abstract
The Ames Test is crucial in evaluating the mutagenicity of substances and is widely used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. This study compares the conventional method of the Ames Test with a miniaturized approach, the microplate fluctuation method, considering the financial and ecological aspects of each method. The service history of ToxLab UFMG (Toxicology Laboratory of the School of Pharmacy of the Federal University of Minas Gerais) was evaluated, including budgets, input calculations, and standard operating protocols, using a SWOT matrix for comparison. Critical inputs influence both the cost and environmental impact of the assays. Despite the total cost being higher, the conventional method has a lower individual cost compared to the microplate method, 55% and 85% respectively. The traditional test consumes more consumables and S9 fraction, increasing the final cost and environmental impact. The microplate approach is more environmentally friendly, producing less waste and utilizing fewer natural resources. However, this methodology is not widely accepted by drug agencies, which is an essential factor in choosing the method. It is concluded that microfluctuation, although a viable and advantageous alternative in financial and environmental terms, requires careful consideration of current regulations.