Turismo cultural: principais tipos segundo a motivação dos turistas
Abstract
Literature points out cultural tourism is a firmly established segment of the mass tourism market, marked by heterogeneity in its composition regarding various types of cultural tourists. Specific tourist motivations are treated as forming types of cultural tourism. We address the following types: a) heritage tourism and historical tourism; b) legacy tourism; c) religious tourism; d) dark tourism; e) literary tourism; f) ethnic tourism. The objective is to present an overview of these types with its definition, the main discussions of the literature, and cases and examples for its comprehension. The methodology consists of analytical, historical and case studies literature review. There is still a lack of scientific production regarding some types of cultural tourism. Moreover, for almost all types, literature still focuses on case studies and conceptual discussions. The delimitation and discussion of various types of cultural tourism can have interesting practical applications for government and private sector; for example, the recognition of tourists with specific motivations can create specialized tourist companies to attend this demand. Lastly, the definition and discussion of tourism types allow authors to avoid loose uses of terms “dark tourism.” Clarity of definition allows various studies to be compared in their results, as well as creates a conceptual basis for broader research that goes beyond the emphasis on case studies of specific destinations and attractions.
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