Fundamental Rights and the Social Marginalization of Refugees in Brazil

a parallel with the "Ralé" in Jessé Souza’s work

Abstract

Globalization and geopolitical conflicts have intensified forced migration flows, increasing the refugee population in Brazil. These individuals face challenges that compromise their fundamental and personality rights, particularly dignity, identity, and autonomy. This article examines the social marginalization of refugees in Brazil, drawing parallels with Jessé Souza's theory of the "underclass," which describes a social stratum excluded from economic, social, and cultural capital. Despite constitutional protections and international legal frameworks, refugees encounter obstacles such as lack of documentation, socioeconomic integration barriers, precarious access to essential services, and discrimination, all of which violate their rights. The study demonstrates that these exclusionary dynamics resemble those experienced by Brazil's "underclass," perpetuating cycles of dehumanization and vulnerability. The analysis highlights the need for intersectional approaches, addressing race and gender disparities, to ensure the full integration of refugees. The conclusions emphasize the urgency of inclusive public policies and cultural change that guarantee access to basic rights and promote effective social integration, breaking the cycle of exclusion affecting both refugees and Brazil's underclass. The study contributes to debates on citizenship and social justice, underscoring the shared responsibility of the state and society in combating marginalization.