Covid-19 in the innovation dynamics of tourism service entrepreneurship in Cuenca, Ecuador
Abstract
This study explores business and innovation dynamics in the face of an unexpected agent, such as Covid-19. An exploratory survey of the number of employees before and in the third month of the pandemic is presented. It also shows the likely dynamics of soft loans that were required by the private sector but did not arrive in time. Additionally, comparisons between the tourism cadasters for 2019, 2020, and 2021 are made broadly and by each sub-sector of tourism services. Then, the dynamics of tourism entrepreneurship in the pandemic scenario are explored. A mixed approach of exploratory scope was used. The instruments used were surveys, secondary information from tourism cadasters for three years, such as 2019, 2020, and 2021, and semi-structured interviews. Finally, a significant decrease in tourism employment at the onset of the health emergency was found. Also, a probable dynamic of proper soft credits with urgent options was recorded during the crisis. The cadastral comparison shows a sharp drop and a gradual recovery in the number of tourism establishments. The dynamics of tourism entrepreneurship show that the uncertainty generated responses to the pandemic crisis, some obligatory and others specific to the moment and the business climate of Cuenca, Ecuador.
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