Main research trends in open education
A bibliometric analysis and thematic mapping at the macro, meso, and micro levels
Abstract
This study aims to map and analyze the evolution of publications on open education, identifying themes, gaps in the literature, and opportunities for future research. To this end, a bibliometric review was conducted with data extracted from the Web of Science database, in the Core Collection, applying the types documents filter and using “open education” as the search term. The search was limited to titles to ensure focus on the concept of open education and the selection of relevant articles. The study, of a qualitative and quantitative nature, has an exploratory and descriptive character. Data processing and analysis were conducted using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer software. The study resulted in a corpus of 437 publications, covering the period from 1971 to 2025. The language, research areas, keywords, production and citation of authors, institutional affiliation, collaboration between countries, as well as the most cited articles and journals were analyzed, offering a comprehensive view of the main trends and influences in the area. This research reinforces the relevance of open education in the democratization of knowledge, contributing to the Sustainable Development Goals and their conceptual integration with open science. The methodological limitations point to the importance of complementary approaches that deepen the understanding of the topic. The study contributes to the advancement of the area by supporting future research and by proposing research directions focused on inclusion, justice and social transformation and the consolidation of practices aligned with open science.
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